JongGeleerd schreef:Het was uiteraard een grapje, maar ik vind dit wel interessant. Wist dat honden veel beter konden ruiken, maar zo specifiek niet. Werkt dan de "in een pot pindakaas" methode ook niet? (Volledig afgesloten door een dikke laag met iets met een redelijk sterke geur.)
@JongGeleerd ik durf het je niet te zeggen. Wat ik je wel kan vertellen is dat ik in een docu gezien heb hoe ze water cadaver honden trainen. De uiteindelijk test aan het einde van de training bestond uit een speeltje of iets dergelijks met een bepaalde geur waarvoor de hond getrained was. Dit speeltje werd onderwater in een groot meer verstopt en vervolgens ging de begeleider met de hond in een boot over het water varen totdat de hond indicatie begon te geven. Of je dit als luchtdicht kunt beschouwen vind ik moeilijk te stellen maar het zegt wel wat over de mogelijkheden van een hond z'n neus. In het geval van je pindakaas pot zul je in ieder geval zeker ervoor moeten zorgen dat je geen residue op de buitenkant krijgt of andere items die je mee vervoert
Per ras zal er mogelijk ook verschil zijn wat betreft mogelijkheden van de hond. Over het algemeen worden er vaak specifieke rassen gebruikt als het gaat om detectie. Een algehele uitspraak in cadaver hond vs drugs hond vind ik ook moeilijk te maken. Ik denk echter dat als je gaat zoeken dat je waarschijnlijk uiteindelijk wel hetzelfde ras voor zowel drugs als cadaver honden tegenkomt in gebruik bij verschillende diensten.
In dit topic staat ook nog informatie over drugshonden, zoals inschatting hoe lang een hond optimaal functioneert:
DF.info - DrugshondenEen "feitje" dat ook vaker herhaald wordt is dat honden angst kunnen ruiken. Vandaag heb ik mij hier eens in verdiept om te kijken wat er bekent over is.
According to Coren, a dog can comprehend human speech and can have a vocabulary of more than 150 words, is able to solve complex problems, and even is capable of willfully tricking another dog. Moreover, evidence shows that canines study humans for cues and have some ability to interpret nuances like facial expressions. Researchers at Japan's Azabu University, for example, have been able to train canine subjects to differentiate between a smile and a blank expression in photographs of human faces. If a dog can identify a smile, it's not that much of a stretch to assume that it can pick up on the clenched teeth and wide eyes of a frightened person, not to mention changes in posture and gait.
But some canine experts think that even if you manage to keep a placid face and remain still while you're terrified, a dog will still be able to detect your fear. That's because humans, like other animals, experience physiological changes, like changes in breathing rate and perspiration, as a result of the flight-or-fight response. In particular, we involuntarily give off chemicals called pheromones when we're alarmed. Because a dog's sense of smell is thousands of times more sensitive than ours, most likely a dog can detect those chemicals, says Alexandra Horowitz, author of "Inside of a Dog: What Dogs See, Smell and Know."
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Animalplanet.com - Do Dogs Know When Someone is Afraid Of Them?But how do we know this to be true? Well according to Nancy Diehl, an equine scientist at Penn State "Instead of detecting airborne molecules, the accessory olfactory system is designed to "read" the messages of non-volatile pheromones, communicative chemicals emitted by all animals. Research suggests that pheromone molecules transmit information concerning territory, aggression, and most prominently, reproduction."
But could a dog be picking up our pheromones? This is indeed true based on the dog's accessory olfactory system. They can detect the role in socially useful chemical communication to suggest that fear might be communicated by smell. But more over the idea that dogs can sense fear is contributed to the fact that in reality the dogs actually recognize behavioral clues in people that it has seen and learned and they cannot actually sense fear they just have picked on certain behavioral patterns. Likewise says Nancy Diehl "horses are also able to identify fearful riders from their erratic behavior. Awkward riders tend to kick too frequently and pull the reins when they should not and a horse will learn to stop responding to these signals when they're delivered without rhyme or reason."
You may ask well Yannick is there any experimental evidence of this? Well, I did some research and found the most recent and relevant study performed on the topic was done in 2002 by the University of Vienna. The study measured the amount of sweat and the intensity of the smell of the sweat which was released in women based on how scary a movie they watched was. The researchers found that females could tell the difference in the smells and amounts of sweat they released based on the type of film they watch. The females described the "sweat from the horror film was described as stronger, more unpleasant, and more aggressive than the neutral film sweat." Although the study did not involve canines based on the fact that dogs have considerably good smell as we see with the use of drug dogs, it is likely that dogs can detect the difference in odors in the sweat that is produced when a person is fearful.
Furthermore it is possible that humans do not actually have a fear scent and just release regular sweat in different amounts based on the level of fear we are experiencing. As studies have shown when humans are afraid we tend to sweat more. Lastly it may have nothing to do with smell and more to do with our actions those dogs can easily pick up base on their interaction history with humans, such that if we back up when we are scared or run the dog recognizes this from previous interactions with people and then remembers the movement as fear.
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Science in Our World: Certainty and Controversy (SC200 course blog for Fall 2012) - Is it true that dogs can sense fear?De docu van NOVA genaamd Dogs Decoded (
volledig te kijken hier) is erg interessant.
"Dogs Decoded" reveals the science behind the remarkable bond between humans and their dogs and investigates new discoveries in genetics that are illuminating the origin of dogs—with surprising implications for the evolution of human culture.
Other research is proving what dog lovers have suspected all along: Dogs have an uncanny ability to read and respond to human emotions. Humans, in turn, respond to dogs with the same hormone responsible for bonding mothers to their babies.
How did this incredible relationship between humans and dogs come to be? And how can dogs, so closely related to fearsome wild wolves, behave so differently?